Information on the thesis

The dissertation research has both fundamental and practical importance, since
expanding theoretical understanding of the role of oxidative-nitrative stress in creating
adaptation to physical activity.
During the research, 126 girls and boys 18-20 years old with different forms of
adaptation to physical activity (trained and untrained) were surveyed by 32 indicators
that determine the functional state of the energy supply system, cardiovascular system,
external breathing system and manifestation of oxidative-nitrative stress and intensity
of lipid peroxide oxidation. Registration of all indicators was performed for untrained
persons three times during the school year at the university, and for trained individuals
– within three years of the training cycle.
We  used  methods  of  research:  physiological  (submaximal  test  PWC 170 ,
echocardiography, rheography, spirography), biochemical (determination of indicators of
oxidative-nitrative stress and lipid peroxidation), statistics (the reliability of the changes was
determined by Student’s t-test and U-Mann-Whitney test (depending on the nature of the
distribution of experimental data); we calculated the Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient.
In the study for the first time it was shown that the improvement of the whole
functional  state  of  trained  persons  in  the  process  of  systematic  implementation
of  physical  activity  was  carried  out  by  the  way  of  activation  of  enzymatic
and  non-enzymatic  mechanisms  of  oxygen  active  forms  generation,  optimization
of  the  synthesis  of  nitric  oxide,  as  well  as  maintaining  optimal  activity  of  lipid
peroxide oxidation.
For  the  first  time  it  was  proved  that  the  reduction  of  the  functional  state
of  untrained  persons  during  the  school  year  and  of  trained  individuals  during  the
training year cycle was accompanied by growing manifestation of oxidative-nitrative
stress  and  intensity  of  lipid  peroxide  oxidation,  which  are  more  expressed
by trained individuals.
The high correlation dependence that persisted during the whole research for all
surveyed individuals, regardless of gender and form of adaptation to physical activity
was  established  between  the  integral  indicator  of  the  functional  state,  maximum
oxygen consumption and the indices of energy supply system, cardiovascular system,
external  breathing  system,  manifestation  of  oxidative-nitrative  stress  and  intensity
of lipid peroxide oxidation.
The  results  of  the  research  reveal  the  possible  physiological  mechanism
of  oxidative-nitrative  stress  influence  on  the  process  of  adaptation  to  regular
physical activity.
Key  words:  adaptation,  physical  activity,  oxidative-nitrative  stress,  energy
supply system, cardiovascular system, external breathing system, functional state.